Doing biblical or theological research presents its own unique challenges, and doing this research for distance education courses can present additional obstacles. Particularly, some distance learning students may live quite a distance away from a substantial library or other resources normally provided within a campus environment. If you find yourself in this situation, consider using one or more of the following options to aid your research.
Suggestions for additions or other changes to this page are welcomed here. But I’m gradually integrating this material and a good deal else into a single, unified guide to the Internet as a research library for biblical studies. To get this guide’s latest version, click the button below.
- Journal Databases: Even if your school’s library is not within reasonable day-trip distance from where you live, as a student at that institution, you may be entitled to use any journal databases to which your institution’s library subscribes. Particularly valuable for biblical or theological research is the American Theological Library Association (ATLA) database to which your institution’s library may have access through a service like EBSCO or FirstSearch. To access these services, go to your institution’s website and locate the library page. These services can help you find a good number of journal articles, many with their full text available for download in PDF or HTML format. EBSCO users of the ATLA database should also find at the top of the EBSCO page a “Scriptures” link. Clicking this link sends users to a page from which they can “drill down” to search for resources that reference a particular biblical text(s). Through services like EBSCO and FirstSearch, you should also be able to request from your institution’s library an ILL of any journal articles that you might need. Frequently, your library may be able to mail or email you these articles once they arrive. If you do decide to use your institutional library’s ILL service, you may want to email them the first time to confirm any special instructions they might have for you to request mail or email delivery of your article once it arrives. When requesting resources through ILL, however, do note that it may take several weeks for the library to receive the article that you requested and send it to you. [Return to top.]
- Google Scholar: A beta search engine designed especially to find scholarly material on the Internet. Sometimes, if you cannot find a PDF file of an article to download through a service like EBSCO or FirstSearch, Google Scholar may be able to find the article you need on another website. [Return to top.]
- Other Resources: Some other websites may also provide access or references to resources relevant to certain writing projects
- Primary Sources
- ANNIS Corpus – A morphological query tool for the Perseus Library Greek and Latin texts.
- Codex Sinaiticus – A digitized version of Codex Sinaiticus.
- Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon – An excellent resource for targum research.
- e-Codices – A virtual library that provides access to medieval and selected early modern manuscripts held in Switzerland.
- Epigraphic Database for Ancient Asia Minor – An epigraphic database in which all Greek and Latin inscriptions of several different regions from ancient Asia Minor are collected.
- The Greek Word – A site holding various resources for the study of Greek literature, including Migne’s Patrologia Graeca.
- Inscriptifact – A database of text images, including some of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Requires registration and Java Web Start.
- Internet Research Resources – A list of online research resources curated by Yvonne Wilbur, Library Director at Eternity Bible College.
- Nestle Aland (26th ed) – An HTML version of the NA26 text.
- Online Critical Pseudepigrapha – A critical, electronic publication of different pseudepigraphal manuscripts.
- Pentateuchal Targumim – English translations of several targums, which are made available by the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies.
- Perseus Digital Library – The Perseus Library contains extensive amounts of literature from the Greco-Roman period.
- TanakhML Project – An electronic BHS text with various formatting options.
- Tertullian Project – Latin texts, translations, editions, bibliography, links, manuscripts, and text critical remarks for Tertullian.
- Thesaurus Linguae Graecae – TLG is a University of California, Irvine research center. TLG’s goal is to create a comprehensive digital library of Greek literature from antiquity to the present era.
- Virtual Manuscript Room – A collection of digitized manuscripts from the University of Münster’s Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung. [Return to top.]
- Other Websites
- Annotated Bibliography Project – An annotated bibliography of recent research on tense, aspect, aktionsart, and related areas.
- Bible Research – An excellent index of online resources for biblical studies.
- Biblical eSources – A collection of online, biblical studies resources maintained by Ted Hildebrandt.
- Christian Classics Ethereal Library – Calvin College’s full text, electronic library.
- Codex – Various resources for fields including biblical studies, Old Testament Hebrew, religion and popular culture, theology, and film.
- Durham University E-theses (Theology and Religion) – An online repository of masters and doctoral theses by students at Durham University.
- Edinburgh Research Archive – A digital repository of research produced at the University of Edinburgh, including full-text, digital theses and dissertations, book chapters, working papers, technical reports, journal pre-prints, and peer-reviewed journal reprints.
- Emanuel Tov – Dr. Tov has posted a number of his publications online in openly-accessible, PDF format.
- Gifford Lectures – The online Gifford Lectures database presents a comprehensive collection of books derived from the Gifford Lectures, a lecture series established in 1888 to “promote and diffuse the study of Natural Theology.”
- Internet Sacred Text Archive – The largest freely available archive of online books about religion, mythology, folklore and the esoteric.
- K. C. Hanson’s HomePage – Hanson is Editor-in-Chief at Wipf and Stock publishers, and his homepage contains a valuable index of online resources for biblical studies.
- The Library at Southeastern (Research Guides, eBooks/a>) – A substantial index of online resources for biblical and theological studies.
- Logos Books – Miscellaneous, full-text resources for biblical and theological studies available to users of Logos Bible Software.
- N. T. Wright Page – An unofficial website with information about and resources from N. T. Wright.
- NeoNostalgia – Several active forums on New Testament topics and related issues.
- New Advent – A wealth of resources from a Roman Catholic perspective, including the Catholic Encyclopedia.
- New Testament Resources – The website of Rod Decker with various resources related to New Testament and Greek.
- The Online Books Page – A list maintained by the University of Pennsylvania of over 35,000 books freely available online.
- Oxford Bibliographies Online – A number of annotated bibliographies on various subjects.
- The Paul Page – The Paul Page is dedicated to the new perspective on Paul, but contains a good bibliography of articles on both sides of the debate.
- Project Gutenberg – An archive of over 30,000 free ebooks compatible with PC, iPhone, Kindle, Sony Reader, and other devices.
- Reclaiming the Mind Ministries – A website with numerous Evangelical Theological Society papers available for free download.
- Religion Online – An index of over 6,000 documents on various religious studies topics.
- Scribd.com – The website for world’s largest social publishing company.
- Septuagint Online – A collection of resources for studying the Septuagint and Old Greek versions.
- Summer Institute of Linguistics International – By facilitating language-based development, SIL International serves the peoples of the world through research, translation, and literacy.
- Theological Research and Exchange Network – Provides fee-based access to a number of theses and academic papers.
- Thomas Schreiner – Thomas Schreiner’s webpage at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.
- Virtual Religion Index – An index of resources relevant to the study of Christianity and other major religions. [Return to top.]
- Primary Sources
- Tools and Suggestions for Organizing, Processing, and Communicating Research – For advice about communicating research effectively in an academic essay, please see this site’s posts about writing and the Theological Writing page. For free tools that may help you organize process your research, as well as collaborate with others, in addition to this site’s comments on research, please see the following:
- Evernote – Evernote has a desktop and a web client that will let you save text and screenshots to your account. Evernote will let you search any text in your account, and it will attempt to recognize text in images (e.g., screenshots) and render this text searchable also. Evernote will also let you share notebooks among a group of collaborators.
- Dropbox – Dropbox will create a folder on your computers harddisk, and any files that you have moved into this folder Dropbox will automatically backup whenever they are updated and closed again. Dropbox will also let you share and collaboratively edit files with other users. Note: Dropbox does not, however, presently support real-time collaboration. If you and someone else are working on the same file at the same time, Dropbox will save both files separately, and one person will need to review and combine the changes into a single file.
- FoxIt PDF Reader and PDF X-Change – Both FoxIt and PDF X-Change will let you mark up or annotate PDF documents with things like highlighting, underlining, and text notes.
- Google Docs – Google Docs is a web application office suite that allows real-time collaboration on documents that can be shared among multiple users. Sharing seems to work best with @gmail.com or other Google Mail addresses. Email accounts @gmail.com are, of course, also available for free.
- RapidTask – RapidTask is an online to-do list with collaboration and group task assignment capabilities.
- Zotero – Zotero is a bibliography management tool that currently comes as an extension for the Firefox browser. In the current version, you can import bibliography information directly from library catalogs and journal databases, and you can also create “Groups” to share bibliographic information with a group of collaborators. [Return to top.]